Effects of Cathode Corrosion on Through-Plane Water Transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Publication Type

Journal Article

Date Published

01/2013

Authors

Joseph Fairweather, Dusan Spernjak, Adam Z. Weber, David Harvey, Silvia Wessel, Daniel S. Hussey, David L. Jacobson, Kateryna Artyushkova, Rangachary Mukundan, Rodney L. Borup

DOI

Abstract

The corrosion of carbon in the cathodes of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells leads to electrode collapse, reduced active catalyst area, and increased surface hydrophilicity. While these effects have been linked to performance degradation over cell lifetime, the role of corrosion in the evolving water balance has not been clear. In this study, neutron imaging was used to evaluate the through-plane water distribution within several cells over the course of accelerated stress testing using potential holds and square-wave cycling. A dramatic decrease in water retention was observed in each cell after the cathode was severely corroded. The increasing hydrophilic effect of carbon surface oxidation (quantified by ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) was overwhelmed by the drying effect of increased internal heat generation. To evaluate this mechanism, the various observed electrode changes are included in a multiphase, non-isothermal one-dimensional cell model, and the simulated alterations to cell performance and water content are compared with those observed experimentally. Simulation results are consistent with the idea that collapse and compaction of the catalyst layer is the dominant limitation to cell performance and not the lower amounts of active Pt surface area, and that higher temperature gradients result in drying out of the cell.

Journal

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Volume

160

Year of Publication

2013

Issue

9

ISSN

0013-4651

Organization

Research Areas